Bitcoin Is Not For Criminals
"Bitcoin Welcomes All, But It's No Haven For The Naive Criminal." Forbes, 17 August 2023.
Despite widespread misunderstandings linking bitcoin to illicit activities, blockchain data reveals that such transactions are actually quite rare. While bitcoin has introduced swift changes in the financial world, myths about its ties to criminal endeavours continue. Yet, upon closer examination, these claims are largely baseless.
Bank Fines And Compliance In Traditional Finance
As the world grapples with changing financial paradigms, traditional institutions have faced their own share of challenges. National Westminster Bank PLC, for example, was fined £264.8 million in 2021 for failing to adhere to anti-money laundering regulations. The case centred around NatWest's lapse in monitoring the activities of a commercial customer, Fowler Oldfield, a jewellery business. Despite initial assurances that cash transactions would not be involved, approximately £264 million in cash was deposited, raising questions about compliance.
The blockchain analytics company Chainalysis found that illicit cryptocurrency activity remains below 1% from 2021-2023. Compared to global money laundering rates, cryptocurrencies are less favoured for illicit activities. Even though the data covers all cryptos and not just bitcoin, it shows that open-source ledgers are not suitable for criminal endeavours.
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime estimates that global money laundering represents about 2% to 5% of global GDP, or approximately $800 billion to $2 trillion annually. However, the exact figure is elusive due to the traceability issues in traditional finance.
Challenging The 'Too Big To Jail' Mentality
In the wake of the financial crisis, the U.S. Justice Department's approach to addressing corporate wrongdoing raised eyebrows. While some expected criminal charges, civil cases took centre stage. The higher bar for criminal charges necessitates proving guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, leading to a shift toward civil penalties.
Examining 10 significant cases sheds light on this approach. Institutions such as Bank of AmericaBAC, CitigroupC, Countrywide Financial, and others faced civil charges. While they often settled for multi-million dollar fines, no admission of wrongdoing was required. This approach sought accountability without jeopardizing the stability of financial institutions.
Instances of fraud and criminal activities often emerge when the legacy system intersects with bitcoin. Incidents are primarily linked to the legacy financial system and human factors, such as poor security practices, and susceptibility to scams, or errors, rather than bitcoin itself. For example, crypto exchange collapses related to fraud such as Mt. Gox, FTX, and Celsius, to name a few.
Bitcoin'sBTC Transparent Transactions
Bitcoin’s public blockchain ledger ensures a level of transparency that criminals would be foolish to ignore. The ability to trace transactions is a fundamental feature of bitcoin's design. An example of this occurred with the apprehension of a cyber-crime duo, Heather Morgan and Ilya Lichtenstein, who attempted to launder $4.5 billion worth of stolen bitcoin. Despite their efforts to obscure the funds through numerous transactions, authorities traced their riches back to the initial scam.
In 2017, bitcoin was confiscated from hackers who targeted Bulgaria's customs office, revealing the cryptocurrency's traceability and its role in assisting law enforcement against illicit actions. The Bulgarian Government stated that it owns approximately 213,519 bitcoin from this seizure, valued at about 18% of its national debt.
This proactive use of blockchain's transparency to counter crime reflects the wider potential of cryptocurrencies in upholding financial integrity. This case underscored that while cryptocurrencies offer some privacy, their inherent transparency can ultimately expose and prosecute those engaged in unlawful activities.
Bitcoin's design and functionality make it a poor choice for criminals seeking anonymity. In fact, the public ledger serves as a deterrent to illicit activities, with instances of successful tracking and seizure becoming increasingly common.
In a landmark move, the U.S. Attorney's Office has disclosed the seizure of an unprecedented $3.36 billion in cryptocurrency related to the infamous Silk Road dark web operations. This significant action underscores the government's commitment to regulating and policing illicit online activities, even in the often murky realms of cryptocurrency.
While bitcoin's association with criminal activity may capture headlines, the data paints a different picture.
Even the largest asset manager, BlackRock, has conceded. In 2017 Larry Fink claimed bitcoin and crypto were a vehicle for money laundering, and now, in 2023, BlackRock has filed for a Bitcoin Spot ETF and is referring the commodity as ‘digitalizing gold’.
Fink aptly captured the essence of bitcoin's global nature with his statement reported by Fortune Magazine:
“Bitcoin is an international asset—it's not based on any one currency—so it can represent an asset that people can play as an alternative.”
Indeed, embracing bitcoin’s broader utility is important for unlocking its potential to reshape financial systems, amplify economic possibilities, and pave the way for a new era of financial integrity.
Really great article. Thanks for busting a few more myths about Bitcoin.